Financial Accounting Questions and Answers
Financial accounting is actually involved with the analysis & reporting of the financial transactions which are related to business. All your questions related to Financial accounting will be answered in the Financial accounting interview questions and answers mentioned below. Financial accounting includes the preparation and planning of financial statements available for public use.
Objectives of Financial Accounting
- Keeping a record of the financial transactions as soon as they occur in order to prepare the financial statements
- Calculating the profit or the loss to enable management to undergo correction strategies if needed
- Determining the financial strength of the firm by identifying its assets and liabilities
- Communicating the data to the stakeholders through the statements and reports so that stakeholders can take suitable decisions on their investments which they are going to do in the business
Most Frequently Asked Financial Accounting Questions
Financial accounting collects and creates a summary of the economic data in order to prepare the financial reports like balance sheet, an income statement for the company's management, lenders, suppliers, investors, tax authorities and the stakeholders.
The characteristics of Financial accounting are:-
- Monetary Transactions:
- Historical Nature:
- Legal Requirement:
- External Use:
- Disclosure of Financial Status:
- Interim Reports:
- Financial Accounting Process:
Go through this Financial accounting answer very thoroughly
| S.no | Accounting | Financial accounting |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | It is for managing the funds | It is for lending or borrowing money from the bank, public, etc |
Financial Reporting includes the sharing of the financial information to the different stakeholders about the financial position and financial performance of the company over a definite period of time. The stakeholders are investors, public, debt providers, creditors, governments & also government agencies.
A ledger account is an account which contains a record of the business transactions. It is actually a separate record inside the general ledger which is assigned to a particular asset, equity item, liability, revenue type or an expense type.
Examples of ledger accounts are:
- Cash
- Accounts receivable
- Inventory
- Fixed assets
- Accounts payable
- Salaries and wages
- Office expenses
- Income tax expense
There are four types of Financial reporting:-
- Income statement:- Income statement for the entire reporting period unveils the financial performance of a firm. It starts with the sales and then it deducts all the expenses which were incurred during the period to reach a net profit or net loss.
- Balance sheet: - Balance Sheet displays the financial situation of a business as of the report date (thus it covers a precise point in time). The info is combined into the general classifications of assets, equity & liabilities.
- Cash flow statement:- Cash flow statement report unveils the cash inflows and cash outflows experienced by a company during the reporting period. These cash flows are actually broken down into three classifications -operating activities, financing activities & investing activities.
- Changes in equity statement: - This report documents all the changes in equity during the period of reporting. These variations include the issuance or the purchase of shares, dividends issued and the profits or losses.
| S.no | Cost accounting | Financial accounting |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | It includes the preparation of a report which the management requires to run a business. | It includes the preparation of a report for investors, credit rating agencies, creditors, etc |
| 2. | Cost accounting collects the cost of raw materials, finished goods inventory, and work-in-process. | It includes all this information into its financial reports and mainly into the balance sheet. |
| S.no | Retained earnings | Net income |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | It is the accumulation of all the profits which was made since the beginning of the company –(minus) any dividends which they have distributed to shareholders | The benefit of the company over a specific time period like 1 year or 6 months. |
| S.no | Assets | Equity |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Assets are the resources which are available at a firm’s disposal, either owned or merely controlled for using them for the purpose of production. | Equity is a capital or money which is owned by the owner of the firm, which is used for several purposes. |
There are basically two systems of Accounting:
- Cash System of Accounting:- Cash System of Accounting only records the cash receipts and the payments. This system actually assumes that there are no credit transactions. In this system of accounting, expenditures are considered only when they are actually paid, and incomes are considered only when they are genuinely received.
- Mercantile or an Accrual System of Accounting:- In Accrual System of Accounting, expenditures and revenues are treated during that period to which they actually relate. This system of accounting is regarded to be ideal, but it can result in unrealized profits.
Financial accounting tells the amounts the owner owe to the suppliers or what customers owe us, operating costs, available cash &, payroll costs. Go through our Financial accounting interview questions and answers very thoroughly as this is one of the essential Financial accounting questions. Financial accounting can be used to analyze the different aspects of the business like a cause of high expenses every month, monthly sales.