DevOps Interview Questions and Answers

DevOps refers to the close association of development as well as operational tasks. It does not refer to a set of tools or any software framework rather it is a combination of specialized tools that help in the automation of the entire infrastructure. It also refers to the implementation of Agile methodology on development as well as operational upfronts.

The basic component which is required for the Puppet configuration management policy is known as Puppet Manifest. Each of the Puppet nodes or Agents has your configuration details in their native language provided in Puppet master. The details are provided based on how resources should be configured and their terms. It also declared the resources by defining the state which needs enforcement on any note. To develop complex Puppet modules, they are considered the major building blocks.

Version control system or VCS refers to software which is utilized by the developers to work simultaneously maintaining the history of their previous as well as current actions.

Some of the salient features of VCS are-

• It helps developers to work together.
• It does not permit overwriting on changes.
• Maintains a complete history of earlier provisions and complete changes.

There are basically two types of version control systems found which are-

• A central version control system, its example is Git, Bitbucket
• A distributed or decentralized version control system, its example is SVN.

DevOps is actively used in the organizations to maintain application delivery and close alignment of services considering the business objectives. There are several reasons to adopt the technology offered by DevOps, some of them are-

• It helps in faster innovations
• It also provides less developmental cycles
• It also reduces the deployment failures
• Improvisations in communication and collaboration
• It offers a stable operating environment
• Significant increase inefficiencies
• Cost reduction along with the infrastructure and IT headcount

The core operations in DevOps for infrastructure are as follows-

• Provisioning
• Configuration
• Orchestration
• Deployment

For application development, the core operations are as follows-

• Code building
• Code coverage
• Unit testing
• Packaging
• Deployment

The majorly used key performance indicators (KPIs) in DevOps are-

• Deployment frequency and failure
• Change lead time
• Change in volume
• Mean time to detection
• Mean time to recovery (MTTR)
• Meantime in between failures
• Change in failure rate
• Efficiency
• Pipeline adoption
• Performance

The most significant tools in DevOps are-

• Git- version control system tool
• Jenkins- continuous integration tool
• Docker- containerization tool
• Puppet- configuration management and deployment tool
• Ansible- configuration management and deployment tool
• Nagios- continuous monitoring tool

The key components in DevOps essentially involve-

• Continuous integration
• Continuous delivery
• Entire microservices
• Infrastructure as a code
• Monitoring and logging
• Communication and collaboration

The most recognizable adoption of DevOps seen in the industry involves the utilization of agile and various developmental processes and methodologies. It also involves the demand for an increase in production release from a business point of view. Its other adoptions involve-

• Large availability of cloud infrastructure for external as well as internal providers
• increase in data center configuration management tools
• Improvisation in automation
• Increased focus on test automation and continuous integration process
• Enhanced practices over critical issues

It is almost always asked in the DevOps interview questions.

Git is basically a source code management tool that can handle multiple projects with efficiency and perfection. It is utilized to store the repositories for remote servers.