CakePHP Interview Questions and Answers

CakePHP is a modern, open-source PHP 7 framework that makes building web applications simpler and faster. It is based on MVC architecture that is powerful and quick to grasp. It is used to develop web applications.

• Build apps quickly
• Complicated XML and YAML files not required.
• Ideal for making commercial apps.
• Secure, scalable and stable
• Unique built-in features like translation, caching, database access, and authentication.

CakePHP 3.7.2

Composer is a tool used for project dependencies.

To install cakePHP we can use
Execute this "php composer.phar create-project –prefer-dist cakephp/app MyProject"

CakePHP is quite simple and easy to install.

• HTTP Server should Have mod_rewrite is preferred.
• PHP 5.6.0 or greater including PHP 7.2 (PHP latest version)
• mbstring PHP extension
• intl PHP extension
• simplexml PHP extension

For more details you can visit cakePHP official website Click here

It is used for creating a variable in the view file with $this->set('variable1','bestinterviewquestion.com'); in controller fie and then that variable $variable1 will be available to use in the view template file for that action.

It allows us to manage unique users across requests and also helps to stores data for specific users. We can access session from controllers, views, helpers, cells, and components.

We can use session in cakePHP in following ways :-

How to create session?

We can use the write() to create or write session.
Example : $session->write('username', 'bestinterviewquestion.com');

How to read session?

We can use the read() to get stored data from session.
Example : $session->read('username');

How to Check session?

We can use the check() to check this data is exists or not in session.
Example :

if ($session->check('username')) {
  // name exists and is not null.
}

How to delete session?

We can use the delete() to delete data from session.
Example : $session->delete('username');

How to destroy session?

We can use the destroy() to destroy session.
Example : $session->destroy();

1. Open your controller file & put below code.
public $paginate = [
'limit' => 10,
'order' => [
'Users.name' => 'asc'
]
];


2. After this now load Paginator in initialize (). public function initialize()
{
parent::initialize();
$this->loadComponent('Paginator');
}


3. Please set Paginate in Index function.
public function index() {
$this->layout=false;
$details=$this->Users->find('all');
$this->set('users', $this->paginate($details));
}


4. You can write this code in your "index.ctp" page.
echo $this->Paginator->prev('< ' . __('previous'), array('tag' => 'li', 'currentTag' => 'a', 'currentClass' => 'disabled'), null, array('class' => 'prev disabled'));

It is the component like classes for the presentation layer of our application. Helpers contain presentational logic that is shared between any views, elements, or layouts in cakePHP.

Most common helpers used in cakePHP, is given below:-

• FormHelper
• HtmlHelper
• JsHelper
• CacheHelper
• NumberHelper
• Paginator
• RSS
• SessionHelper
• TextHelper
• TimeHelper etc

It is a class file that contains the common code and logic. It can be shared between the application's controllers. We can perform various common tasks like session handling, cookies and security related things with the help of components.

In CakePHP, we can use various components that are given below:-

• Authentication
• Cookie
• Cross-Site Request Forgery
• Flash
• Security
• Pagination
• Request Handling etc

$this->layout ="layout_name"; You can use this in your controller's action.

<?php echo Router::url( $this->here, true ); ?>

Yes, we can use ajax with by calling ajax helper.

Default extension of view file is ".ctp".

We can change default extension to write public $ext = '.yourextension' in AppController. If you want to change it for particular controller then please add it into that particular controller only. You can also change it for the specific action of the controller by putting it in that action only.

• APCu
• File-Based
• Memcached
• Redis
• Wincache
• XCache

To set a custom page title, copy & paste following code anywhere in your (.ctp) file.
$this->set("title_for_layout", "Home Page | bestinterviewquestion.com");

• It improvements it's ORM feature.
• It enhanced components and helpers
• Best proficiency in cakePHP3
• It improved session Management in cakePHP3.
• It improved consistency of conventions in cakePHP3
• It improved bug-fixing tool in cakePHP3

Component : It is a Controller extension in cakePHP.
Helpers : Helpers are View extensions in cakePHP.
Behavior : It is a Model Extension in cakePHP

It's default file name is database.php.default. We can use this file to configure with database. This file is located in "/app/config/database.php.defaut".

It stands for "Has And Belongs To Many" and it is a kind of associations that can be defined in models for retrieving associated data across different entities in cakePHP.

It is a technique that allows a user to define and create a basic application that can create, retrieve, update and delete objects in cakePHP.

App::import('Model', 'Price');
$price = new Price();

beforeFilter()

• find()
• findAll()
• findAllBy()
• findBy()
• findNeighbours() etc

Security.salt : It is used for generating hashes. We can change it's default value in /app/Config/core.php.
Security.cipherseed : It is used for encrypt/decrypt strings. We can change it's default value by editing /app/Config/core.php.

Callback functions just before or after a CakePHP model operation. These callback functions can be defined in model classes.These are very simple functions which called automatically when are defined by the core CakePHP.

• beforeFind()
• afterFind()
• beforeValidate()
• afterValidate()
• beforeSave()
• afterSave()
• beforeDelete()
• afterDelete()
• onError()

These are the functions that we can call before and after doing any task in Models like after finding data, before saving data etc.
For Example : beforeSave(), afterSave(), beforeFind(), afterFind().

CakePHP provide a very simple but powerful validation model so that we can easily manage our data validation. To do validation in CakePHP we can just need to declare a $validate array in your model class for required fields.

beforeFilter() is executed before every action in the controller call but beforeRender() is executed before the view is rendered.